This includes behavior directed towards others such as aggression, psychopathology, delinquency, and oppositional/defiant and conduct disorder.

Externalizing Behaviors from Shame

This includes distracting yourself and others from the shameful situation. This associated with verbal aggression. 

Avoidance as a Shame Coping Strategy

This may relate to attack self and attack other shame coping strategies. Symptoms of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) include anger/irritation, argumentativeness/defiance, and vindictiveness. Symptoms of Conduct Disorder (CD) include aggressive behavior, dishonesty or theft, destruction of property, and serious violation of rules.

New Mexico Highlands University

This means tolerating the shameful situation, but experiencing internal anger. People who do this see the shame as negative and valid. This strategy has a positive association with internalizing symptoms, including anxiety, depression, and stress.


Attack Self as a Shame Coping Strategy

This involves expressing anger outwardly at the source of shame. 

Attack Other as a Shame Coping Strategy

Paulo, M., Vagos, P., Ribeiro Da Silva, D., & Rijo, D. (2020). The role of shame and shame coping strategies on internalizing/externalizing symptoms: Differences across gender in adolescents. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 17(4), 578–597. https://doi-org.proxy.wichita.edu/10.1080/17405629.2019.1682991

The role of shame and shame coping strategies on internalizing/externalizing symptoms: Differences across gender in adolescents

Gomez, R., Stavropoulos, V., Gomez, A., Brown, T., & Watson, S. (2022). Network analyses of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) symptoms in children. BMC Psychiatry, 22. https://doi-org.proxy.wichita.edu/10.1186/s12888-022-03892-5

Network analyses of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) symptoms in children.

Mohamed, S. M., Marzouk, S. A., Ahmed, F. A., Nashaat, N. A. M., & Omar, R. A. E. A. T. (2022). Cognitive behavioral program on aggression and self-concept among institutionalized children with conduct disorder. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing, 39, 84–90. https://doi-org.proxy.wichita.edu/10.1016/j.apnu.2022.03.012

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