- Form of apraxia characterized by an inability to perform a simple motor command spurred on by a verbal request, even if the individual can easily do it without thinking  

Ideomotor Apraxia  

- Form of apraxia that causes an inability to perform a chain of actions, even when each step can be done on its own 

Ideational Apraxia 

- Common motor impairments caused by damage to the cerebral cortex include paralysis (plegia) or weakness (paresis) of voluntary movements, which typically happen one side of the body 
- This also includes increased rigidity caused by forced movement of limbs (known as spasticity), since the cortex no longer inhibit this response
- Damage to nonmotor zones of the cortex can cause apraxia (which can be further specified by ideomotor or ideational apraxia), which creates an inability to begin/ perform complex movements even while not being in a state of paralysis/weakness

Smith College

- Movement disorders can be caused by disorders of the brain, including the cerebellum, basal ganglia, and cortex

Brain Disorders and Motor Impairment 

Breedlove, S. & Watson, N. (2017). Behavioral neuroscience, eighth edition. Oxford University Press.

Behavioral Neuroscience 8th Edition

Cerebral Cortex and Motor Impairments 

- Two of the most well known diseases associated with damage to the basal ganglia include Parkinson's disease and Huntington's disease 

Basal Ganglia and Motor Impairments 

- The cerebellum's three major subdivisions are responsible for specific functions, which can cause specific motor and (subsequent) behavioral impairments when damaged 
- These subdivisions include the spinocerebellum, cerebrocerebellum, and vestibulocerebellum

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