Nutrient catabolism that does not require oxygen, thus acting as an alternative pathway when aerobic respiration is not possible. In the final step of the electron transport chain, the final electron acceptor is an inorganic molecule that is not oxygen. Users of these pathways have modified ETS carriers to accommodate electron transfer to different final acceptors, which can produce smaller electrochemical gradients and thus generate less ATP.

Anaerobic Respiration

- Cell lacking genes encoding cytochrome oxidase
- Cell lacking genes encoding enzymes that protect against harmful oxygen radicals
- Not enough oxygen

University of Notre Dame

A catabolic pathway requiring oxygen and involving the catabolism of glucose to ultimately release energy necessary for cellular functions. In the final step of the electron transport chain, the final electron acceptor is an oxygen molecule, which gets reduced into water, by cytochrome oxidase. 

Aerobic/Cellular Respiration

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

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The final electron carrier in the ETS. Can be used to differentiate between bacterial types during disease diagnoses

Cytochrome Oxidase

Circumstances Where Aerobic Respiration is Not Viable

Aerobic Respiration: Maximum ATP Yields

Cellular respiration is composed of four main steps:

- Glycolysis
- Transition Reaction (Pyruvate Oxidation)
- Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle
- Oxidative Phosphorylation

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