The final electron carrier in the ETS. Can be used to differentiate between bacterial types during disease diagnoses

University of Notre Dame

Major types of electron carriers involved in the eukaryotic and prokaryotic ETC are:

- Cytochromes
- Flavoproteins
- Iron-sulfur proteins
- Quinones

Major Electron Carriers in ETS

A catabolic pathway requiring oxygen and involving the catabolism of glucose to ultimately release energy necessary for cellular functions. In the final step of the electron transport chain, the final electron acceptor is an oxygen molecule, which gets reduced into water, by cytochrome oxidase. 

Aerobic/Cellular Respiration

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Cytochrome Oxidase

- Cell lacking genes encoding cytochrome oxidase
- Cell lacking genes encoding enzymes that protect against harmful oxygen radicals
- Not enough oxygen

Circumstances Where Aerobic Respiration is Not Viable

Aerobic Respiration: Maximum ATP Yields

Cellular respiration is composed of four main steps:

- Glycolysis
- Transition Reaction (Pyruvate Oxidation)
- Krebs/Citric Acid Cycle
- Oxidative Phosphorylation

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