Comparison of the Hippocrates Allegory in Sanai and Attar
While both Sanai and Attar use the figure of the Greek physician Hippocrates to illustrate the Sufi virtue of qana'at (contentment) and the rejection of worldly authority, their narrative approaches diverge. In Sanai's Hadiqat al-Haqiqah, Hippocrates lives in a barrel and exposes a king's powerlessness by demanding impossible favors, such as the forgiveness of sins and the restoration of youth. This underscores the limits of earthly kingship compared to divine omnipotence. Conversely, in Attar's later Mosibat Nameh, Hippocrates is found eating grass in a cave and flatly refuses a royal summons, arguing that a contented soul already possesses true kingship. Comparing these allegories highlights the evolution of Sufi literary motifs, transitioning from Sanai's focus on contrasting human limitation with divine power, to Attar's emphasis on the inherent spiritual sovereignty of the independent ascetic.
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course