Mindfulness practice has the potential to help alleviate eating disorders through its effect on maladaptive cognitive and affective processes. Dysfunctional cognitions fuel negative ideas of personhood or self-worth (such as, negative thoughts of personal weight and shape). These negative thoughts can lead to negative eating behaviors such as binging, purging, or restricted eating habits. Mindfulness techniques are then used as a means of expressing to the individuals that their thoughts are only temporary and do not require immediate self-intervention to mend. Therefore, mindfulness reduces the impact of dysfunctional cognitions on individuals, and thus alleviates/treats some of the mechanisms that support eating disorders.

Alleviates/Treats Eating Disorders

Generally speaking, anxiety is a reaction by the body that ensues negative internal experiences such as negative thoughts or feelings. Physical changes may also follow, such as an increase in blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, trembling, and so on.

Anxiety

Generally speaking, depression is an overall feeling of sadness. More specifically, those with depression tend to experience several things such as: an increase or decrease in weight, troubles with concentration, feelings of meaninglessness or worthlessness, thoughts of death or suicide, and so on. 

Depression

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder. It is caused when the nerve cells that produce domaine in one’s brain die.

Parkinson's Disease 

High blood pressure is when one’s blood pressure, or the force of blood that flows through one’s blood vessels, is too high.  Systolic blood pressure represents the pressure that blood exerts against the walls of the artery. Diastolic blood pressure represents the pressure between the heart’s beats 

High Blood Pressure 

Antisocial behavior can be defined as delinquent or criminal behavior such as manipulation, lying, and criminal activity such as stealing and assault.

Antisocial behavior

Psychopathy is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by impaired emotional responses, lack of empathy, and poor behavioral controls, which most often leads to antisocial deviance and criminal behavior.  It is commonly defined by using three main categories: interpersonal, affective, and behavioral traits.

Psychopathy

According to the DSM-5, antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a complete disregard for the rights and feelings of others. This disregard manifests in several ways, including repeatedly engaging in illegal acts, deceiving or conning others, acting with impulsivity and recklessness, showing irritability and aggression, and failing to fulfill responsibilities like paying debts. Specific examples of these behaviors include involvement in illegal enterprises, cruelty toward others, abandoning jobs with no alternative plans, having multiple sexual partners, getting into frequent fights, and showing reckless disregard for safety, such as through repeated arrests for driving while intoxicated. Individuals with this disorder feel no remorse for their actions and will manipulate, exploit, or abuse others without any sense of guilt.

DSM-5 Diagnostic Features of Antisocial Personality Disorder

- Anxiety
- Current depression
- Depression relapse risk
- Stress
- Chronic pain
- Emotional distress
- Parkinson's Disease
- High blood pressure
- Sleep problems
- Psychopathy
- Antisocial Behavior
- Antisocial Personality Disorder

University of California, Davis

University of Delaware

Georgetown University

Villanova University

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

University of Toledo

While the term originates in Buddhism, the concept of mindfulness has grown to describe a general state of consciousness in which a person is more aware and accepting of their physical senses and thoughts in the present moment. Practicing mindfulness is believed to help alleviate mental suffering.

Mindfulness

Hofmann, S. G., &amp; Gómez, A. F. (2018). Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Anxiety and Depression. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 40(4), 739–749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2017.08.008 

Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Anxiety and Depression

There’s convergence between ASMR, transliminality, body consciousness, and unusual experiences, and divergence between ASMR and mindfulness.

ASMR and Consciousness Correlates

Mindfulness References

- Increase self-compassion
- Combat empathy fatigue
- Assist people in managing physical symptoms
- To improve quality of life 
- Release Negative Energy

Goals and Benefits of Mindfulness

More can be learned about the concept of Mindfulness by understanding how it relates and can be applied to other concepts, particularly within Psychology but not excluding other areas of discovery. 

Cross-Disciplinary Applications of Mindfulness

Mindfulness Interventions refer to therapeutic approaches grounded in mindfulness to create a structured, replicable program. 

Mindfulness Interventions

Conditions Mindfulness Can Help Alleviate/Treat

- Therapeutic mindfulness
- Mindfulness meditation
- Mindfulness education
- Mindful yoga
- ASMR and Mindfulness

Applications of Mindfulness

- Metacognitive Practice
- Mindful Metacognition
- Mindful Attention
- Trait/Dispositional Mindfulness
- Intentional Mindfulness
- Contemplative practices

Alternate Definitions of Mindfulness

- Everyday mindfulness
- Formal mindfulness practice
- Mindfulness Apps and Online Services

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