A model that explains the continued influence effect through memory processes in which misinformation is activated in memory and people are unsuccessful in retrieving that this information was retracted.

Continued Influence Effect: Memory Processes

A model that explains the continued influence effect through perceptual fluency in which people find the misinformation familiar, while the retraction of that misinformation is less familiar.

Continued Influence Effect: Perceptual Fluency 

According to this model, the continued influence effect could be explained by greater activation of misinformation that contains causality due to an abundant network of causally linked information in memory. Consequently, a retraction of this misinformation that rejects a causal link could be dismissed due to weaker activation. 

Continued Influence Effect: Knowledge Revision Components Framework

A model that explains the continued influence effect through the generation of mental representations of occurrences that solidify a causal sequence of events. According to this model, a misinformation retraction may weaken the causal sequence and lead to rejection of the retraction to maintain causality. 

Continued Influence Effect: Mental Models (MM) Account

- Memory Processes
- Perceptual Fluency
- Mental Models (MM) Account
- Knowledge Revision Components Framework

Ohio State University, Columbus

People continue to believe false information even after it has been proven wrong, especially as it pertains to politics


Continued Influence Effect

Susmann, M. W., & Wegener, D. T. (2022). The role of discomfort in the continued influence effect of misinformation. Memory & Cognition, 50(2), 435–448. https://doi-org.proxy.lib.ohio-state.edu/10.3758/s13421-021-01232-8

The Role of Discomfort in the Continued Influence Effect of Misinformation

The term relating to the persistent false beliefs that remain even after the misinformation correction has been consciously accepted; the result of the continued influence effect. 

Belief Echoes

Continued Influence Effect: Models

Retraction can reduce people’s trust in misinformation. 


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