In the research by Michaud et al. (2021), the second study replicated the findings of Study 1 in examining the component structure within the scale items of the MHAT-CES. The study further examined the role of exposure to potentially morally injurious experiences (PMIEs) on individual and organizational outcomes, specifically the impact of operational stressors on psychological distress and turnover intentions. The discussion highlighted that experiencing PMIEs was a leading factor in military personnel deciding to leave the organization due to stress and shock.