One’s education is related to the sort of job opportunities that one is able to have. A high school diploma is required for many jobs and higher educational degrees. Without a high school education and diploma, many job opportunities are diminished. Those who do not have a high school diploma can cause one to be unemployed or have lower-paying jobs, which can lead to poverty. Living in poverty affects health in many ways. Factors that affect whether a student will graduate high school includes one’s home and school environment. Students who have parents who are not involved in their education are more likely to not finish high school, and schools that have higher crime rates are more likely to have higher dropout rates. 

High School Graduation and Health

Those with lower levels of education and those who do not speak English as a first language are more likely to have limited English-speaking skills and lower English literacy. Individuals with language and literacy barriers were noted to have relatively worse health, chronic health conditions, lack health insurance, and have problems following medication directions. 

Language and English Literacy and Health

- High School Graduation
- Language and English Literacy


Saint Louis University

Social determinants of health (SDOH) are social and economic factors that influence health outcomes. These factors play a significant role in the wide health disparities observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The social determinants of health are categorized into five crucial determinants:

- Health and health care
- Social and community context
- Neighborhood and built environment
- Education
- Economic stability

These five determinants are interrelated and can be considered as a cycle of events, where a determinant can be a cause or effect of another determinant. 

Effect of Social Determinants of Health on Disparate Health Outcomes during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States 

Singu S, Acharya A, Challagundla K and Byrareddy SN. (2020). Impact of
Social Determinants of Health on the Emerging COVID-19 Pandemic in the
United States. Frontiers in Public Health 8:406.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00406
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7385373/

Impact of Social Determinants of Health on the Emerging COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

- Health literacy
- Access to health care and primary care 


Health and Health care as a Social Determinant of Health

- Discrimination
- Community involvement and social cohesion

Social and Community Context as a Social Determinant of Health

- Access to healthy foods
- Environmental conditions of neighborhood

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