Definition

Feudalism

Feudalism was a pre-capitalist economic system dominant in medieval Europe, characterized by a social hierarchy based on land ownership and obligations. Production was primarily agricultural and for subsistence, organized around manors where peasants (serfs) worked the land for a lord in exchange for protection and the right to cultivate a portion for themselves. Economic relationships were based on personal loyalty and traditional duties rather than market transactions and wage labor.

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Updated 2025-08-21

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