Example

Finding Express and Local Train Speeds Using Equal Distances

Apply the distance, rate, and time problem-solving strategy to find two unknown speeds when both travelers cover the same distance but at different rates and times.

Problem: An express train and a local train leave Pittsburgh to travel to Washington, D.C. The express train makes the trip in 44 hours and the local train takes 55 hours. The express train's speed is 1212 miles per hour faster than the local train's speed. Find the speed of both trains.

  1. Read and draw: Sketch both trains traveling from Pittsburgh to Washington, D.C., and note the equal distances. Create a rate–time–distance table:
Rate (mph)Time (hrs)Distance (miles)
Expressr+12r + 12444(r+12)4(r + 12)
Localrr555r5r
  1. Identify: The speed of each train.
  2. Name: Let rr = the speed of the local train, so the express train's speed is r+12r + 12. Multiply rate by time to fill in the distance column.
  3. Translate: Because both trains travel the same route, their distances are equal:

4(r+12)=5r4(r + 12) = 5r

  1. Solve: Distribute on the left: 4r+48=5r4r + 48 = 5r. Subtract 4r4r from both sides: 48=r48 = r. So the local train travels at 4848 mph. The express train's speed is 48+12=6048 + 12 = 60 mph.
  2. Check: Express: 60×4=24060 \times 4 = 240 miles. Local: 48×5=24048 \times 5 = 240 miles. Both distances are 240240 miles. \checkmark
  3. Answer: The local train's speed is 4848 mph and the express train's speed is 6060 mph.

This example demonstrates the equal-distance scenario: when two travelers cover the same route, their distance expressions are set equal to each other. Using a single variable rr for the slower speed and expressing the faster speed as r+12r + 12 keeps the equation in one unknown, and the distributive property is used to solve it.

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Updated 2026-04-21

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