Causation

Firms' Response to High-Employment Disequilibrium

In the WS-PS model, when employment is above its equilibrium level, the real wage required by workers (on the WS curve) exceeds the real wage firms can offer while maintaining their target profit margin (on the PS curve). This conflict over output distribution prompts a response from firms. First, to attract and retain labor in a tight market, firms increase nominal wages, which raises their costs. Subsequently, to restore their profit margins, firms raise prices. This sequence of wage and price increases is the inflationary process that also pushes the economy back toward equilibrium employment.

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Updated 2026-01-15

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