SEM (Standard Error of Mean) was used to analyze the causation among the variables

Hypotheses:

• H1: Teaching presence has a positive effect on social and cognitive presence.
• H2: Social presence has a positive effect on cognitive presence.
• H3:Teaching, social and cognitive presence, and perceived usefulness and ease of use have positive effects on learner satisfaction.
• H4: Teaching, social and cognitive presence, perceived usefulness and ease of use, and learner satisfaction have positive effects on learner persistence.
• H5: Teaching presence has an indirect, positive effect on cognitive presence, mediated by social presence.
• H6: Teaching, social and cognitive presence, and perceived usefulness and ease of use have indirect, positive effects on learner persistence, mediated by learner satisfaction.