Concept

Jami on Emad Faqih, Khwaju, and the Bukhara Poets: Verbal Ornament, Sufi Flavor, and Emulating Khosrow

In Section 29 of the Baharestan's seventh garden, Jami gathers four poets from two regions and marks each by a distinct trait:

  • Emad Faqih (Kerman): A shaykh and khanqah-keeper who recited his verse to everyone who came to the lodge and asked them to correct it; for this reason his poetry is said to belong to all the people of Kerman.
  • Khwaju (Kerman): Makes great effort in adorning his diction and beautifying his phrases, and is therefore called nakhl-band al-shu'ara (the arranger, or palm-tree-decorator, of poets).
  • Naser Bukhari (Transoxiana): His verse carries a flavor (chashni) of Sufism.
  • Esmat Bukhari: In the ghazal he follows and emulates (tatabbo) Khosrow Dehlavi.

The recurring measure is stylistic identity — ornamentation, mystical coloring, and emulation of an earlier master — which ties this section to Jami's account of Khosrow Dehlavi and his aesthetic of poetic emulation.

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Updated 2026-07-20

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Persian Literature Prerequisite Course