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Justifying Minimal Risk Research
If a psychological study poses only minimal risk to participants—meaning the potential harm is no greater than what is encountered in daily life or during routine physical and psychological examinations—even a small anticipated benefit to the participants, science, or society is generally considered sufficient to ethically justify the research.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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Justifying Minimal Risk Research
How is 'minimal risk' defined in the context of research ethics?
In order for a research study to be classified as 'minimal risk,' the study's procedures must be completely free of any potential physical or psychological harm.
Classify each of the following research procedures by matching it to the correct risk category, based on whether the potential for harm exceeds the threshold of daily life or routine evaluations.
Arrange the steps in the logical process used to analyze whether a psychological research study meets the ethical criteria for 'minimal risk'.
Imagine you are developing a research protocol to study the effects of environmental noise on reading comprehension. Which of the following study designs would you construct to ensure the procedure remains at the level of 'minimal risk'?
Under research ethics guidelines, 'minimal risk' is defined as potential harm that does not exceed the risks individuals ordinarily encounter in their daily lives or during routine physical or psychological evaluations.
Match each component or implication of the 'minimal risk' standard in psychological research with the description that best represents its role in the ethical review process.
An ethics committee is reviewing a research proposal where participants are asked to give a short speech to a small audience. To evaluate whether this study meets the standard of 'minimal risk,' the committee must judge whether the social anxiety induced by the task is no greater than the anxiety typically encountered in _____.
An IRB is evaluating a study on reading comprehension under distraction. To determine if the study qualifies for expedited review, the committee must analyze whether the potential psychological stress of the distraction task is no greater than the level of stress individuals ordinarily experience in their daily lives or during routine examinations. If the study meets this criteria, it is classified as posing _____.
Order the steps an IRB member or researcher must take to evaluate a research proposal's risk status and determine the appropriate level of institutional review board oversight.
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When a psychological study is classified as posing only minimal risk to participants, what level of anticipated benefit is generally necessary to ethically justify the research?
If the potential harm of a proposed psychological study is no greater than what participants encounter in daily life, the researchers must demonstrate a substantial benefit to science or society for the study to be ethically justified.
A researcher is planning a study where participants read several short stories and answer comprehension questions. Arrange the steps the researcher should take to ethically justify this study according to the 'minimal risk' principle.
A research ethics board is evaluating three different study proposals. Match each scenario with the correct ethical conclusion based on the principle of justifying minimal risk research.
According to the principle of justifying minimal risk research, a 'small anticipated benefit' is ethically sufficient only if the potential harm to participants is no greater than what is encountered in which of the following?
A researcher is planning a study where participants complete a personality survey. The risk is determined to be no greater than what participants would experience during a routine psychological examination. In this case, what is the minimum level of benefit required to ethically justify the research?
In the ethical review of a psychological study where the potential harm to participants is no greater than what is encountered in daily life or during routine examinations, even a small anticipated benefit to participants, science, or society is generally considered _____ to ethically justify the research.
A researcher is designing a study where participants complete a simple attention task on a computer. The risk of mild eye strain is determined to be no greater than what is encountered in daily life. To ethically justify this study, the researcher must show that it has a large anticipated benefit to science or society.
Match each hypothetical research scenario with the correct ethical evaluation based on the principle of justifying minimal risk research.
An IRB is evaluating a research proposal where the potential harm to participants is no greater than what is experienced in daily life. To decide if the study is ethically justified, the IRB evaluates the anticipated benefit. Under the ethical standard for minimal risk research, even a _____ anticipated benefit to participants, science, or society is sufficient to justify the study.
State the definition of 'minimal risk' in psychological research as described in the ethical guidelines, and identify what level of anticipated benefit is required to ethically justify a study that meets this classification.
Explain why this study qualifies as 'minimal risk' and justify whether the study is ethically permissible under the minimal risk principle despite having no direct benefits for the participants.
A researcher is designing a survey to measure routine study habits. The survey involves minor boredom, which is no greater than what students face in daily classes. Applying the rule for justifying minimal risk research, what must the researcher demonstrate about the study's benefits to ethically justify conducting this survey?