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K complex
A sharp, biphasic wave observed by EEG during Stage 2 of NREM sleep. The K complex is associated with activity in the paracentral gyri, thalamus, medial regions of the parietal and frontal lobes, and the superior temporal lobe. Its functions include sleep maintenance and arousal, memory consolidation, and synaptic homeostasis.
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K complex
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A sleep study participant is in a state of deep relaxation. An electroencephalogram (EEG) shows that their brain is producing theta waves, but these are frequently punctuated by both brief, rapid bursts of high-frequency waves and single, large high-amplitude patterns of activity. Which phase of sleep do these combined features characterize?