-Racial identity

-Age

-Sexual orientation

-Family and other personal relationships

-Social Media

-Religious communities

-Cinematic Media

etc.

Factors That Contribute To Stigmatized Beliefs

Histrionic personality disorder: Causes, symptoms &amp; treatment. Cleveland Clinic. (n.d.). Retrieved July 31, 2022, from https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9743-histrionic-personality-disorder 

Histrionic Personality Disorder

- Antisocial 
- Borderline 
- Histrionic 
- Narcissistic 

Cluster B Personality Disorders

The stigmatization of psychological disorders is a primary factor that discourages individuals from seeking necessary professional help when they are experiencing mental health difficulties.

Stigma as a Barrier to Seeking Mental Health Treatment

The stigma surrounding mental illness, which is frequently rooted in misconceptions rather than facts, can have a detrimental effect on an individual's emotional and social well-being.

Negative Impact of Mental Health Stigma on Well-Being

Negative perceptions of mental health issues are not limited to children; adults with such conditions may encounter even greater scrutiny when they discuss their situation or look for support.

Stigma Against Adults with Mental Health Disorders

A positive trend is emerging toward the destigmatization of mental illness, driven by increased public education, greater awareness, and more open conversations on the topic. This movement is gaining traction in various societal domains, including workplaces, schools, and the broader community.

Efforts to Destigmatize Mental Illness

Despite progress in mental health awareness, societal stigma has not been eliminated. It continues to be a significant issue, particularly for psychological disorders that are commonly misunderstood by the public.

Persistence of Stigma for Misunderstood Mental Health Issues

A high-achieving student begins experiencing symptoms of severe anxiety that affect their ability to concentrate on their studies. When they mention this to their family, they are told to 'toughen up' and that seeking therapy is a sign of weakness. Consequently, the student avoids making an appointment with the campus counseling center, fearing judgment. Which statement best analyzes the student's situation?

Read the following scenario. Based on the details provided, identify the primary psychological concept being illustrated and explain how specific elements from the scenario support your conclusion.

Identifying Stigma in a Social Context

 Societal or internal criticism that shames the desire for professional mental health support and can lead to negative changes in help seeking behaviors.

Carnegie Mellon University

Google

A subcategory of overall health relating to one's emotional well-being by one's ability to successfully overcome everyday stressors, to realize one's inner potential, and to work in a manner that gives back to the self and to their community.

Mental Health

Shim, R. S., Compton, M. T., Rust, G., Druss, B. G., & Kaslow, N. J. (2009). Race-Ethnicity as a Predictor of Attitudes Toward Mental Health Treatment Seeking. Psychiatric Services, 60(10), 1336–1341. https://ps.psychiatryonline.org/doi/pdf/10.1176/ps.2009.60.10.1336 

Reference for Predictors in Mental Health Seeking Behaviors

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

Between 10 and 20% of adolescents worldwide experience a mental health problem within a given 12-month period. Mental health problems impact on an adolescent’s potential to live a fulfilling and productive life and lead to challenges such as stigma, isolation and discrimination. 

Adolescent Mental Health

There is a need for global emphasis on more comprehensive mental health promotion and intervention in schools. The SMHILE (School Mental Health International Leadership Exchange) identified 5 critical themes for nations to advance SMH (=school mental health). Doing so, we can accomplish cross-nation collaboration among research and policy leaders from diverse countries and share experiences/lessons to improve SMH.


Comprehensive Mental Health Promotion & Intervention in School

The long-term physical, mental, emotional, and psychological effects of racism.

Weathering

Defines strategies that typically involve health-oriented public policies, an improvement in community action, significant positive changes in regards to creating healthy environments, development of essential personal skills, and the redistribution and improvement of health-related services.

Mental Health Promotion Strategies 

Generally speaking, anxiety is a reaction by the body that ensues negative internal experiences such as negative thoughts or feelings. Physical changes may also follow, such as an increase in blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, trembling, and so on.

Anxiety

Assessments, treatments, and counseling resources offered in private, public, outpatient and inpatient facilities that focus on serving individuals experiencing mental health crises and issues. 

Mental Health Services

NIMH. (2022). Anxiety Disorders. National Institute of Mental Health. Retrieved March 12, 2022, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/anxiety-disorders 

Panic Disorder Reference

NIMH. (2022). NIMH. National Institute of Mental Health. Retrieved April 6, 2022, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/ 

NIMH

Dementia is characterized by memory loss and impairment of mental functioning that. Depression, paranoia, anxiety, confusion, and wandering are symptoms of the illness.

Dementia

It is a mental disorder that affects a person's brain and behavior, leading to their inability to control their use of substances such as legal or illegal drugs, alcohol, or medication. Symptoms can range from moderate to severe, with addiction being the most powerful form of SUDs.

Substance Use Disorder

Gender is a determinant of mental health. Different factors different genders face impacting their mental health and lives, social position, status, and treatment in society. Gender differences also occur in the rates of common mental disorders.

Gender and Mental Health

Emotion regulation is the process by which individuals manage their emotional responses to various situations and experiences. This involves altering their emotional experiences and how they are expressed.

Emotional Regulation

While wellbeing does not have a clear and universal definition, people believe that it can be conceptualized in a few ways:

- Positive Construct
- Subjective Construct
- Multi-dimensional Construct

Wellbeing

Mental Health Stigma

Conner, K. O., Copeland, V. C., Grote, N. K., Koeske, G., Rosen, D., Reynolds, C. F., 3rd, & Brown, C. (2010). Mental health treatment seeking among older adults with depression: the impact of stigma and race. The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, 18(6), 531–543. https://doi.org/10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181cc0366

Reference for Predictors in Mental Health Seeking Behaviors(Age)

Insomnia, the most prevalent sleep disorder, is characterized by a persistent difficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep. Individuals with this condition often experience significant delays before falling asleep and may wake up frequently during the night, struggling to resume sleep. According to diagnostic criteria, these sleep disturbances must occur at least three nights a week for a minimum of one month.

Insomnia

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association in 2013, is the primary classification system used by most mental health professionals in the United States to diagnose psychological disorders.

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