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Multiple-Baseline Design Across Participants Example
A study by Ross and Horner (2009) illustrates the multiple-baseline design across participants. They evaluated a bullying prevention program across three different schools. Baselines of aggressive behavior were established at all three schools. The program (treatment) was then introduced at each school at staggered intervals (separated by 2 weeks). Aggressive behavior dropped at each school only after the program was implemented there, demonstrating the program's effect while ruling out coincidental factors.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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Ross and Horner Bullying Prevention Study
Multiple-Baseline Design Across Participants Example
In a multiple-baseline design across participants, what is the crucial procedural feature that helps establish internal validity?
A researcher wants to evaluate a new note-taking intervention using three participants. She records each participant's exam scores during a baseline phase and then begins the intervention with all three participants during the same week. Because she measured baselines for multiple individuals, this design effectively rules out the possibility that an outside event—rather than the intervention—caused any observed improvement in exam scores.