- Focus on offering support in person
- Increased connectivity with physical connectivity 
- Social distancing in office factors in
- Some argue that remote work is more effective than on-site work to expand the reach of the organization

Nonprofit On-site Workplace Design

- Some nonprofits work in virtual offices
- Flexibility of nonprofits allow workers more decision-making
- Sometimes difficulty in acquiring funds to invest in technology that allows for remote work
- Intrinsic motivation of workers allows for productivity even when not physically in the office

Nonprofits: Remote Work

- Nonprofits' goals tend to be harder to quantify and related to the quality of their products and its customers or audience. 
- Those who work in Nonprofits are more intrinsically motivated than For-profit workers who are monetarily motivated. 
- Sometimes, the diversity of views might weaken their organizational skills.
- Nonprofits usually delegate more decision-making to employees than other types of organizations, and have less performance-based incentives than for-profit organizations
- These employees are usually recruited in various social networks.



University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

- For-Profit: organizations in which employers are equity owners, seeking to maximize profit 
- Non-Profit: organizations in which employers are members of boards of directors with duties toward the organization, not legally required to pursue specific goals, no ownership stakes
- Local Government: organizations in which employers are local constituents, exercising rights through electing officials to represent them

Types of Organizations Considering Workplace Design

Nonprofit Workplace Organization and Goals

- In for-profit organizations, managers are usually in better positions than in Local government and Nonprofits to ensure the organizations run effectively
-  it's also worth it to take emotionally-costly decisions in these organizations because there’s more of a reward than other types
- For-profit organizations are more likely to offer promotions, and usually do not delegate decision-making to other workers as much as other organization types. 


For-profit Workplace Organization and Goals

- Local government's goals are similar to those of nonprofits, and are usually harder to quantify, accommodating organizational design. 
- They are more intrinsically motivated more than for-profits who are monetarily motivated, and sometimes no direct public accountability
- Local government organizations are legally required to use formal/open recruiting methods, limiting recruiting new employees through friendship/family, and they might have efficiency wages to motivate their employees
- They are similar to nonprofits in that they tend to delegate decisions to employees rather than just a manager.



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