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One-Sample t-Test
The one-sample -test is a statistical procedure used to compare a single sample mean () against a specific, hypothetical population mean () that serves as an interesting standard of comparison. By defining a null hypothesis () and an alternative hypothesis (), researchers use this test to determine if the sample data provide enough statistical evidence to conclude that the true population mean differs from the hypothesized value.
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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One-Sample t-Test
Dependent-Samples t-Test
Independent-Samples t-Test
Reporting t-Test Results in APA Style
Analysis of Variance
Distribution of t Scores
What is the primary statistical function of a t-test in psychological research?
Although there are different variations of the t-test to accommodate various research designs, its fundamental purpose is to serve as a null hypothesis test evaluating the statistical relationship between exactly two means.
Match each psychology research scenario with the specific variation of the -test required to evaluate the relationship between the means.
A psychology researcher is using a -test to evaluate the relationship between two means. Arrange the components of the statistical logic in the correct order to reflect how the procedure differentiates an observed effect from chance variation.
To evaluate the statistical relationship between two means, a researcher must judge whether the observed difference is large enough to reject the _____ hypothesis, which serves as the baseline assumption that no true relationship exists in the population.
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Null Hypothesis
Alternative Hypothesis
Assumptions
Formula for the One-Sample t-Test
Dependent-Samples t-Test
Null and Alternative Hypotheses for the One-Sample t-Test
Degrees of Freedom (One-Sample t-Test)
Example of a One-Sample t-Test
What is the primary purpose of a one-sample t-test?
Match each component of the one-sample t-test to its correct description.
A cognitive psychologist is investigating whether the average reaction time of 50 video game players differs from the general population mean of 300 milliseconds. Arrange the following steps of a one-sample t-test in the correct logical order for this study.
A clinical psychologist is conducting a one-sample t-test to compare the average anxiety scores of patients in a new treatment program to a known population mean. If the psychologist observes that the standard deviation within the sample is larger than expected, while the difference between the sample mean and the population mean remains the same, the resulting t-statistic will be closer to zero.
A researcher conducts a one-sample -test to compare the mean stress scores of a sample of emergency room nurses () to the known general population average (). Despite obtaining a statistically significant result () due to a large sample size, the researcher evaluates the finding as having low practical importance because the calculated _____ was only , indicating a negligible magnitude of difference.
Based on the definition of a one-sample -test, which statistical values are compared in this procedure?
In a one-sample -test, the alternative hypothesis is formulated as , which states that the true population mean differs from the hypothesized value.
A health psychologist is investigating university students' accuracy in estimating the calories in a chocolate chip cookie (which actually has 250 calories). Match each element of this study to its corresponding role in a one-sample -test.