The external events that were seen to be catalysts of the movement are
    - Spread of disinformation, hate, and lies on social media (Breitbart)
    - Mass shootings perpetrated by white supremacists 
    -  Policies by the Trump administration specifically the separation of children and 
       parents 

Sleeping Giants: Opportunity Structures in Digitally Native Activism 

Opportunity Structures are exogenous or external factors and events that create favorable conditions that create a drive for collective actions 
   - Change in leadership
        - Political
        - Cultural
   - Economic Changes
   - Cultural and institutional changes can act as catalysts 

Albion College

1. Opportunity Structures 
2. Mobilizing Structures
    - Participation Levels
    - Contentious Activity
    - Organizational Issues
3. Framing Tasks


Three Main Dimensions Used to Examine Digitally Native Activism

Li Y, Bernard J-G, Luczak-Roesch M. Beyond Clicktivism: What Makes Digitally Native Activism Effective? An Exploration of the Sleeping Giants Movement. Social Media + Society. July 2021. doi:10.1177/20563051211035357

Beyond Clicktivism: What Makes Digitally Native Activism Effective? An Exploration of the Sleeping Giants Movement

Opportunity Structures: Digitally Native Activism 

Mobilizing Structures are online mechanisms that are used to support the social movement. Enables participation, coordination of work, and leadership roles.

1. Participation Levels
   - Online participation is easier and cheaper
2. Contentious Activity
   - How individuals contribute to the movement
   - Watchdog activity
   - Reporting 
3. Organizational Issues
   - Leadership: Whose in charge
          - who creates tasks
   - Anonymity
   - Easier for outsiders/targets to watch/comment on activity

Mobilizing Structures: Digitally Native Activism

Framing Tasks are the persuasive and confrontational stances of the movement.

- Analyzing reality of "bad" situation/event and bring attention to the issue by constructing a basic understanding of what's wrong and how to fix it


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