Therapy has been shown to be beneficial:
- Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
- Individual Therapy
- Group Therapy
- Family Therapy

Medications for treatment include:
- Anti-Anxiety Medications
- Anti-Depressants
- Anti Psychotics

Paranoid Personality Disorder Treatments

Lee, R. J. (2017). Mistrustful and misunderstood: A review of Paranoid personality disorder. Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports, 4(2), 151–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-017-0116-7 

Mistrustful and Misunderstood: A review of Paranoid Personality Disorder 

-Psychodynamic
-Cognitive
-Social Cognition
-Neurobiology

Theoretical Models of PPD

Childhood trauma is consistently linked with Paranoid Personality disorder. Childhood emotional neglect, physical neglect, and supervision neglect predicted PPD symptom levels in adolescence to early adulthood.

Childhood Trauma in PPD

An estimated 75% of PPD cases have a Comorbid personality disorder. Avoidant and BPD are the most frequent. 

PPD and Comorbidity 

A personality disorder characterized by:
- Pervasive, unwarranted suspiciousness and distrust (ex. expectation of trickery or harm, over-concern with hidden motives and meanings)
- Hypersensitivity (ex. being easily slighted or offended, readiness to counterattack)
- Restricted affectivity (ex. emotional coldness, no true sense of humor)
-  Offended easily
- Excludes psychotic symptoms, including paranoid delusions and hallucinations

Saint Louis University

Michigan State University

New York University

- Paranoid personality disorder
- Schizoid personality disorder
- Schizotypal personality disorder

Cluster A Personality Disorders:

American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Clinical psychology. American Psychological Association. https://www.apa.org/ed/graduate/specialize/clinical 

American Psychological Association: Clinical Psychology

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

Paranoid Personality Disorder

A personality disorder characterized by:
- Long-term emotional coldness
- Absence of tender feelings for others
- Lack of desire for and enjoyment of close relationships
- Indifference to praise or criticism and to the feelings of others
- Symptoms not a result of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders

Schizoid Personality Disorder

A personality disorder characterized by: 
- Various oddities of thought, perception, speech, and behavior that are not severe enough to warrant a diagnosis of schizophrenia

Symptoms may include:
- Perceptual distortions
- Magical thinking
- Social isolation 
- Vague speech without incoherence
- Inadequate rapport with others due to aloofness or lack of feeling
- Symptoms not because of schizophrenia, other psychotic disorder, or ASD

Learn Before

Related

Learn After