Prejudice toward a person or group that the individual holds with conscious awareness. 

Explicit Prejudice

Discrimination is defined as an action or behavior towards an individual that results from their membership in a particular group. While typically discussed as a negative and oppressive act, such as exclusion, discrimination can also manifest positively through preferential treatment for individuals who are part of one's own group.

Discrimination in Social Psychology

Spreading deceptive and/or inaccurate information against female public figures such as political leaders and journalists to undermine their participation in public life. This is often supported by storylines that are based on misogyny and gender stereotypes around the roles of women. 

Gendered Disinformation 

The contact hypothesis suggests that prejudice between different groups can be reduced through positive intergroup contact. This includes not only direct interactions and building relationships but also educational efforts. The positive effects can even be achieved through imagined social interactions with members of other groups.

Contact Hypothesis

Biased attitudes or feelings about a person or group based on preconceptions rather than prior experience.  

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General evaluations of people, groups, objects, concepts, or issues that last over time. They can range from positive to negative.

Attitudes in Social Psychology

Gilovich, T., Keltner, D., Chen, S., &amp; Nisbett, R. E. (2019). Social psychology. W. w. Norton &amp; Company. 

Social Psychology

American Psychological Association. (n.d.). APA Dictionary of Psychology. American Psychological Association. Retrieved from https://dictionary.apa.org/ 

APA Dictionary of Psychology

Prejudice

Behavior that is inconsistent with an attitude. For example, having a negative attitude toward a news anchor but continuing to watch their news is considered counterattitudinal behavior. 

Counterattitudinal Behavior

Behavior that is consistent with an attitude. For example, having a positive attitude towards a news anchor and continuing to watch their news is considered proattitudinal behavior. 

Proattitudinal Behavior 

The extent to which behavior toward an attitude object is consistent with the attitude associated with that object. Positive attitudes are associated with approach behaviors; negative attitudes are associated with withdrawal behaviors.

Attitude-behavior Consistency 

Any target of judgment that has an attitude associated with it. Attitude objects may be people, social groups, policy positions, abstract concepts, or physical objects.

Attitude Object

An individual’s positive psychological state of development.

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