Based on Freud, paranoia is reflected in outward projection of internal conflict. These feelings range from shame to intolerance to indifference. Theory also incorporates the role of trauma.

Michigan State University

-Psychodynamic
-Cognitive
-Social Cognition
-Neurobiology

Theoretical Models of PPD

Lee, R. J. (2017). Mistrustful and misunderstood: A review of Paranoid personality disorder. Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports, 4(2), 151–165. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40473-017-0116-7 

Mistrustful and Misunderstood: A review of Paranoid Personality Disorder 

Psychodynamic Theory in PPD

Dysfunctional beliefs of the self, cognitive style, and social cognition. Individual hold dysfunctional beliefs of themselves while believing others to be deceptive. This leads to fears of vulnerability, extreme guardedness, and discomfort with emotional closeness. 

Cognition deficiencies in PPD

Social learning and relationships play a role in the development of PPD. Lower social rank is correlated with paranoia. That can be because of how the individual perceives social interactions due to their dysphoric self-consciousness.

Social Cognition in PPD

PPD was found to have faster latency of the N100ERP to auditory stimuli, hyper vigilance.  

Neurobiology of PPD

PPD was found to have faster latency to N100ERP to auditory stimuli, hyper vigilance. In animal studies, social stress is linked increased dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex. Suggesting that paranoia is driven by dopamine evaluations. 

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