Research by Rentfrow et al. (2013) analyzing responses from over 1.5 million individuals identifies three distinct regional personality clusters within the United States. Cluster 1, located primarily in the center of the country (including the Upper Midwest and Deep South), is characterized by people who tend to be friendly and conventional. Cluster 2, occurring mainly on the west side of the country, is dominated by individuals who are more relaxed, emotionally stable, calm, and creative. Cluster 3, which includes the Northeast region and Texas, has a higher proportion of people who are stressed, irritable, depressed, temperamental, and uninhibited. These regional boundaries are generalizations, as several states are comprised of a combination of two different clusters. Furthermore, residents in Clusters 2 and 3 generally exhibit higher levels of openness.