The topic is said to be accessed if any of the subordinate ideas under that topic is recalled correctly 

topic access

also the recalled information will be more organized 

recall organization 

measure the proportion of ideas recalled under each topic 

How much subordinate information is recalled for each topic

1. people recall more of the ideas under each topic when the text is signaled 
2. recalled information is more organized if the text is signaled 

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

1. examine only the free recall for information directly related to the signaling devices
2. examine the free recall for information in the text content  

Lorch’s experiments found that signaling devices can improve free recall on both the topics and the text content

Lorch, R. F., Lorch, E. P., &amp; Inman, W. E. (1993). Effects of signaling topic structure on text recall. Journal of Educational Psychology, 85(2), 281–290. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.85.2.281 

Effects of Signaling Topic Structure on Text Recall

1. more topics were recalled for signaled text
2. text recall is higher for simple text than complex text (signaled text)
3. text recall is higher for short text than long text (signaled text)

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