Rumi's Concept of Tripartite Creation and Human Duality
Drawing upon a Prophetic tradition, Rumi categorizes creation into three distinct groups: angels, who possess pure intellect (عقل) and no base desires; beasts, who possess only lust and instinct (شهوت) and no intellect; and humans, who are created with both. This dual composition places humanity in a constant state of internal struggle. Rumi explains that humans face a profound spiritual test: those whose intellect conquers their worldly lust achieve a spiritual station higher than that of angels, as their obedience is a product of overcoming temptation. Conversely, those whose lust overpowers their intellect sink lower than beasts.
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Islam
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Persian Literature Prerequisite Course
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دفتر چهارم - بخش ۵۷ - در تفسیر این آیت کی و اما الذین فی قلوبهم مرض فزادتهم رجسا و قوله یضل به کثیرا و یهدی به کثیرا / Book Four - Section 57 - Commentary on the verse 'But as for those in whose hearts is a disease, it adds defilement to their defilement,' and His saying 'He misleads many by it and guides many by it'
Rumi's Concept of Tripartite Creation and Human Duality