In Section 43 of the Hadiqat al-Haqiqah, Sanai outlines the essential intellectual and practical qualifications of a competent physician (tabib-e 'alim). Unlike the ignorant charlatans he critiques elsewhere, a true physician must combine formal mastery under an established guide with deep learning in foundational scientific texts, mathematics, and natural philosophy (tabi'iyyat). Furthermore, Sanai emphasizes that a learned physician possesses diagnostic insight, successfully deducing internal conditions from external signs, and understands both scientific theory and practical implementation.