GANs can improve astronomical images and simulate gravitational lensing for dark matter research. They were used in 2019 to successfully model the distribution of dark matter in a particular direction in space and to predict the gravitational lensing that will occur.

GANs have been proposed as a fast and accurate way of modeling high energy jet formation and modeling showers through calorimeters of high-energy physics experiments. GANs have also been trained to accurately approximate bottlenecks in computationally expensive simulations of particle physics experiments. Applications in the context of present and proposed CERN experiments have demonstrated the potential of these methods for accelerating simulation and/or improving simulation fidelity.