Users often hold misconceptions regarding the privacy provided by secure connections and the precision of network addressing.

While HTTPS encrypts the contents of web pages, it does not hide all online activity. For example, standard DNS lookups can still reveal the specific sites and domains that a user is visiting.

Similarly, an IP address does not pinpoint a person's exact physical location. An IP address typically identifies only a general network or geographic region. Furthermore, multiple devices can share a single public IP address through Network Address Translation (NAT).