Lindert, J., Ehernstein, O. S. V., Grashow, R., Gal, G., Braehler, E., & Weisskopf, M. G. (2014). Sexual and physical abuse in childhood is associated with depression and anxiety over the life course: Systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Public Health, 59, 359–372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-013-0519-5

International Journal of Public Health

This meta-analysis showed that high levels of emotional distress, including depression and anxiety, were found in children who experienced these kinds of abuse in their childhood.

Affects of sexual and physical abuse

- Experiencing abuse or neglect 
- Bullying (victim or perpetrator)
- Recent loss 
- Poor social/communication skills 
- Experiencing poverty 
- Discrimination 
- Lack of access to support services 

Syracuse University

Factors that predispose adults and children to develop a mental disorder
- Biological 
- Psychological 
- Social 
- Spiritual 
- Cultural

Risk Factors for Developing a Mental Disorder

Risk and protective factors. The American Mental Wellness Association . (n.d.). Retrieved January 6, 2022, from https://www.americanmentalwellness.org/prevention/risk-and-protective-factors/ 

Risk and Protective Factors 

Types of Risk factors

- Family history of mental illness 
- History of traumatic brain injury 
- Pregnancy/birth complications 
- Chronic medical conditions 
- Alcohol or drug use 
- Poor nutrition
- Lack of sleep 

Biophysical Risk Factors

- Stressful life situations 
- Traumatic life experiences 
- Low self-esteem 

Psychological Risk factors

Social Risk Factors

- Perception of being irredeemable or inherently flawed beyond repair 
- Perception of insignificance
- Conflicting thoughts or doubts surrounding deep religious beliefs

Spiritual Risk Factors

- Maternal Early Life Maltreatment (ELM)
- Maternal History of Depression (HoD)

Risk Factors for Child Psychopathology

References for Risk Factors

Experiences that occur during childhood or adolescence that are potentially traumatic. Examples of these events include neglect, parental conflict, mental illness, substance abuse, sexual abuse, etc. 

Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)

1. Cultural Stigma
2. Understanding symptoms
3. Community Support
4. Resources

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Related

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