This theory views peoples’ reactions to a stimulus as a response to the meaning they give the stimulus, rather than as a reaction to the stimulus itself. The meaning that is given to a stimulus is not random, but based on previous interactions with the stimulus and other people in society. 

stimulus --> invokes socially derived meaning --> invokes reaction

Symbolic Interactionism

This theory looks at how the institutions in a society cooperate to meet the needs of that society. 

Structural Functionalism 

This theory looks at how individuals within a society must compete to fulfill their needs. 

Conflict Theory

Also called Praxeology and the Theory of Social Practices, this theory looks at repetitive practices in daily life to understand human social systems.

Practice Theory

Social Theory creates predictions about future actions, activities, or situations. This method focuses on society and the social forces that affect our lives. This sociological insight or "sociological imagination" looks beyond the assumption that social structures and patterns are random, and attempts to provide more understanding and meaning to human existence. 

Social Theory

Concept that capitalism is directly ingrained into productions of life. Race and gender oppression are found to be reproduced capitalistically.

Social Reproduction Theory

- Structural Functionalism
- Conflict Theory
- Symbolic Interactionism
- Social Reproduction Theory
- Practice Theory


San Jose State University

Georgetown University

The study of societal behavior, structures, development, functions, and issues. 

Sociology

Griffiths, H., Keirns, N., Strayer, E., Sadler, T., Cody-Rydzewski, S., Scaramuzzo, G., Vyain, S., Bry, J., & Jones, F. (2021, April 6). Introduction to Sociology (2nd ed.). 12th Media Services. https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/1-introduction-to-sociology

Introduction to Sociology 

- Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Paulo Freire
- The Nature of Human Conflict, Elton B. McNeil
- A Sociology Experiemnt, Angela Barian et. al
- Essentials of Sociology, Anthony Giddens, et. al
- Forms of Capital by Pierre Bordieu
- Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital, James S Coleman
- What is Social Reproduction Theory, Tithti Bhattacharya 
- The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life, Erving Goffman
- The Mutual-Focus/ Emotional-Entrainment Model, Randall Collins
- The Strength of Weak Ties, Mark S. Granovetter
- Parent–child positivity and romantic relationships in emerging adulthood: Congruence, compensation, and the role of social skills, Kretschmer, T., Vollebergh, W., & Oldehinkel, A. J.
- Gender differences and similarities in strategies for managing conflict with friends and romantic partners, Keener, E., Strough, J., & DiDonato, L.
- Greater maternal insensitivity in childhood predicts greater electrodermal reactivity during conflict discussions with romantic partners in adulthood, Raby, K. L., Roisman, G. I., Simpson, J. A., Collins, W. A., & Steele, R. D. 
- The building blocks of social life – Sociology
- The Foucault Reader: an Introduction to Foucaults Thought, Paul Rabinow
- Orientalism, Edward Said
- Gender Trouble, Feminist Theory, and Psychoanalytic Discourse, Judith Butler
-  Inequality in Social Capital, Nan Lin

Sociology References

Sociologists can help members of a design
team understand the implications of this and to operate in the
more abstract realm of designing services, where you are affected
more by relationships among people as well as between users and
objects or interfaces. Although services have been around for a
long time,the sudden expansion of technology enabled services—
and hence service design as a discipline—is still very new

The addition of the expertise of sociologists to a design team
is especially important when the nature of the constraints is
systemic.When we are designing connected systems of products,
services, and spaces, which are used in real time, the brain of any
designer who tries to absorb all of the constraints is likely to
explode. We are better equipped to face the complexity as an
interdisciplinary team, with a collective consciousness, and the
ability to create designs as a group or team rather than as
individuals.

Design Science and Sociology

- Gender and Sexuality
- Social Class, Inequality, and Poverty
- Environment
- Marriage
- Effects on Early Education Programs in Disadvantaged Children 
- Disability
- Religion
- Family
- Culture
- Race and Ethnicity

Sociological Issues 

The different structures that societies are organized in. They can either be classified as:
- Horizontal
- Vertical

Sociological Structures

- Criminology
- Economic Sociology
- Disaster Studies
- Globalization

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