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Statistical Standard Deviation Formula

The standard deviation (SDSD) for describing the variability of a sample is computed by finding the difference between each score (XX) and the mean (MM), squaring each difference, finding the mean of these squared values, and taking the square root. The formula is: SD=(XM)2NSD = \sqrt{\frac{\sum (X-M)^2}{N}}, where NN is the total number of scores.

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Updated 2026-05-04

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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU