Concept
The Allegory of the Buqalamun and the Deceptive World in Mosibat Nameh
In Section 11 of the Mosibat Nameh, Attar uses the allegory of the 'Buqalamun' (a shapeshifting sea creature with soft limbs) to illustrate the deceptive nature of the material world (dunya). The creature adapts its form to resemble whatever animal it encounters, making them feel safe and preventing them from fleeing, so that it can easily prey on them. Attar compares this behavior to the deceptive, alluring, and ever-changing forms of the material world that lure humans to their spiritual ruin. The poem concludes with a moral call to abandon attachment to the world to safeguard one's spiritual faith.
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Updated 2026-07-03
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course