Concept

The Allegory of the Madman and the Ritual of Hair-Shaving in Mosibat Nameh

In this section of Attar's Mosibat Nameh, a madman questions travelers shaving their hair in Hijaz as a religious sunnah. When told that neglecting this sunnah leads to misery, the madman argues that if shaving the head is a sunnah, one must instead shave the beard, as the beard harbors pride and self-righteousness ('wind') which plague free hearts. He emphasizes that overcoming this inner pride is a duty ('fariqah') far superior to a hundred outward traditions. The allegory teaches that true spiritual work requires focusing on the present moment and conquering internal vanity rather than adhering to superficial rituals.

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Updated 2026-07-03

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course