The Allegory of the Transience of Worldly Power in Attar's Tale of Ghazali and Sultan Sanjar
In Farid al-Din Attar's Elahi-Nameh, the tale of Mohammad Ghazali and Sultan Sanjar serves as a profound allegory on the transience and illusory nature of worldly power and sovereign authority. Ghazali admonishes the sultan, pointing out that earthly kingdoms are fleeting—comparable to a brief dream that vanishes once a person wakes or closes their eyes in death. By comparing the celestial sphere to a turning millstone (asya) that ultimately grinds all human beings to dust regardless of their social status, the narrative warns against the vanity of material pride and emphasizes the necessity of spiritual wakefulness before physical death forces an inevitable awakening.
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course