In Farid al-Din Attar's mystical poetry, the 'divaneh' (madman) frequently appears as a literary archetype representing the 'wise fool'. Stripped of worldly reason, social etiquette, and ego, the madman is depicted as possessing a deeper spiritual lucidity.

Attar uses this archetype to:

• Engage in bold, unfiltered dialogues with the Divine, as seen in his raw supplications.
• Express unmediated love and radical sincerity.
• Critique the superficial piety, orthodoxy, and hypocrisy of conventional religious figures and worldly rulers.

The madman's perceived insanity is presented not as a mental deficit, but as a state of divine intoxication and complete detachment from the material world.