In Attar's Elahi Nameh, the tale of Sultan Mahmud and the oppressed man serves as a profound allegory for the inescapable burden of royal accountability and justice. The poem illustrates the Sultan acknowledging that the oppressed man he ignored while intoxicated has transformed into a multitude of hands holding his reins, symbolizing how a ruler's past injustices accumulate to obstruct his temporal and spiritual progress. This narrative reinforces the theme that ultimate justice holds even the most powerful monarchs strictly responsible for their actions and failures to protect the vulnerable.