Concept

The Concept of Annihilation (Fana) and Unity in Elahi Nameh

In Attar's Elahi Nameh, Majnun's response to his friend's questioning illustrates the central Sufi concept of Fana (annihilation of the self). When Majnun declares that he and Layla have become one and that duality has completely vanished ('دوئی برخاست اکنون از میانه'), it symbolizes the ultimate spiritual state. In this state, the mystic lover loses their individual ego and worldly attachments, becoming entirely consumed by and united with the Beloved. This metaphorical union represents the seeker's ultimate goal of experiencing absolute unity with the Divine (Tawhid), leaving no room for a separate existence.

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Updated 2026-07-03

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course