In Section 54 of Subhat al-Abrar (from the Haft Awrang), Jami expounds upon the Quranic concept of taqwa (fear of God or piety) by exploring its etymological root wiqayah (shield or protection). He outlines a fundamental guideline for spiritual etiquette (adab) in the relation between the seeker and the Divine:

• Attributing Blame and Deficiency to the Self: When confronting errors, evils, or deficiencies, the seeker must protect the Divine from blame by attributing these shortcomings entirely to their own imperfect ego (nafs).
• Attributing Praise and Perfection to God: When experiencing or performing good deeds, success, or perfection, the seeker must empty themselves of pride and shield their ego by attributing all credit and virtue directly to God.

While Jami acknowledges that the highest theological realization of unity (tawhid or tafrid) attributes all acts—good and bad alike—to the ultimate Divine source, he emphasizes that the path of spiritual cour...