The Cycle of Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
The scientific process involves a continuous cycle between ideas and real-world evidence. In this cycle, inductive reasoning moves upward from empirical observations to construct a broad generalization, hypothesis, or general premise. Conversely, deductive reasoning moves downward, starting with a hypothesis or general premise that is tested against the real world through empirical observations. Ultimately, science relies on both deductive and inductive processes.
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Ch.2 Psychological Research - Psychology @ OpenStax
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Introduction to Psychology @ OpenStax Course
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OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook
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Deductive Reasoning
Inductive Reasoning
The Cycle of Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
Reasoning in Case Studies vs. Experimental Research
A researcher observes that in several different cities, people who live closer to parks report higher levels of happiness. Based on these specific instances, the researcher forms a general idea that proximity to green space improves well-being. The researcher then designs an experiment to test whether a group of individuals randomly assigned to take daily walks in a park will show increased happiness scores compared to a group assigned to walk in an urban area without parks. Which statement best analyzes the reasoning processes used by the researcher?