Lyons, B., Merola, V., & Reifler, J. (2021). How bad is the fake news problem? The role of baseline information in public perceptions. In R. Greifeneder, M. Jaffé, E. J. New- man, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), The psychology of fake news: Accepting, sharing, and correcting misinformation (pp. 11–26). London: Routledge. 

- Goal of the study: Understanding the role of social media in political events. Specifically, investigate how baseline statistics affect the average person’s understanding of the prevalence and severity of the fake news problem.

Results of the study:
- Even groups that weren’t directly related had specific perceptions on how much fake news other groups consumed (E.g., Trump supporters were more likely to think that younger people consumed more fake news)
- No effect of info baselines on perceived overall consumption of fake news
- Having both statistics increased perception that fake news consumption increased, and increased concern of fake news → strong effect size
- Exposure to the pct of Americans exposed to fake news in 2016 decreased support for publicly funded media literacy programs --> WHY? Not answered in discussion

How bad is the fake news problem? The role of baseline information in public perceptions

Ackland, R., & Gwynn, K. (2020). Truth and the dynamics of news diffusion on twitter. In R. Greifeneder, M. Jaffé, E. J. Newman, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), The psychology of fake news: Accepting, sharing, and correcting misinformation (pp. 27–46). London: Routledge. 

Truth and the dynamics of news diffusion on twitter

Bar-Ilan, J., & Halevi, G. (2020). Retracted articles: The scientific version of fake news. In R. Greifeneder, M. Jaffé, E. J. Newman, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), The psychology of fake news: Accepting, sharing, and correcting misinformation (pp. 47–70). London: Routledge. 

Retracted articles: The scientific version of fake news

Newman, E. J., & Zhang, L. (2020). Truthiness: How non-probative photos shape belief. In R. Greifeneder, M. Jaffé, E. J. Newman, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), The psychology of fake news: Accepting, sharing, and correcting misinformation (pp. 90–114). London: Routledge. 

Truthiness: How non-probative photos shape belief

Jaffé, M. E., & Greifeneder, R. (2020). Can that be true or is it fake news? New perspec- tives on the negativity bias in judgments of truth. In R. Greifeneder, M. Jaffé, E. J. Newman, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), The psychology of fake news: Accepting, sharing, and cor- recting misinformation (pp. 115–130). London: Routledge. 

Can that be true or is it fake news? New perspectives on the negativity bias in judgments of truth

Marsh, E. J., & Stanley, M. (2020). False beliefs: Byproducts of an adaptive knowledge base? In R. Greifeneder, M. Jaffé, E. J. Newman, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), The psychol- ogy of fake news: Accepting, sharing, and correcting misinformation (pp. 131–146). London: Routledge. 

False beliefs: Byproducts of an adaptive knowledge base? 

Oyserman, D., & Dawson, A. (2020). Your fake news, our facts: Identity-based motivation shapes what we believe, share, and accept. In R. Greifeneder, M. Jaffé, E. J. New- man, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), The psychology of fake news: Accepting, sharing, and correcting misinformation (pp. 173–195). London: Routledge. 

Your fake news, our facts: Identity-based motivation shapes what we believe, share, and accept

Albarracín, D. (2020). Conspiracy beliefs: Knowledge, ego-defense, and social integration. In R. Greifeneder, M. Jaffé, E. J. Newman, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), The psychology of fake news: Accepting, sharing, and correcting misinformation (pp. 196–219). London: Routledge. 

Conspiracy beliefs: Knowledge, ego-defense, and social integration

Axt, J. R., Landau, M. J., & Kay, A. C. (2020). Fake news attributions as a source of nonspecific structure. In R. Greifeneder, M. Jaffé, E. J. Newman, & N. Schwarz (Eds.), The psychology of fake news: Accepting, sharing, and correcting misinformation (pp. 220–234). London: Routledge. 

Fake news attributions as a source of nonspecific structure

Schwarz, N., & Jalbert, M. (2021). When (Fake) News Feels True: Intuitions of truth and the acceptance and correction of misinformation. In R. Greifeneder, M. E. Jaffé, E. J. Newman, & N. Schwarz, The Psychology of Fake News: Accepting, Saring, and Correcting Misinformation. Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780429295379


When (Fake) News Feels True: Intuitions of truth and the acceptance and correction of misinformation

When group members have negative views towards nonmembers of their group, not limited to nonmembers who are related to the group in an obvious way. 

Cross-Group Bias

van der Linden, S., & Roozenbeek, J. (2021). Psychological Inoculation Against Fake News. In R. Greifeneder, M. E. Jaffé, E. J. Newman, & N. Schwarz, The Psychology of Fake News: Accepting, Sharing, and Correcting Misinformation. Routledge. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780429295379

Psychological Inoculation Against Fake News

Greifeneder, R., Jaffe, M., Newman, E., & Schwarz, N. (Eds.). (2021). The Psychology of Fake News: Accepting, Sharing, and Correcting Misinformation (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429295379

Michigan State University

Contains sources from published books in social psychology 

Books on Social Psychology

Aronson, Elliot, and Joshua Aronson. The Social Animal. Worth Publishers, Macmillan Learning, 2018.

The Social Animal

Niedenthal, P. M., & Ric, F. (2017). Psychology of Emotion (2nd ed.). Psychology Press.

Psychology of Emotion

Gilovich, Thomas, Dacher Keltner, Serena Chen, and Richard E. Nisbett. Social Psychology, 2019. Print.

Social Psychology: Goals in Interaction

The Psychology of Fake News

Persily, N. & Tucker, J. A. (2020). Social Media and Democracy: The State of the Field, Prospects for Reform (1st Ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Social Media and Democracy

Gilovich, T., Keltner, D., Chen, S., &amp; Nisbett, R. E. (2019). Social psychology. W. w. Norton &amp; Company. 

Social Psychology

Heinzen, T. E., &amp; Goodfriend, W. (2019). Social psychology. SAGE. 

Aronson, E., Wilson, T. D., Akert, R. M., & Sommers, S. R. (2018). Revel Social Psychology (10th ed.). Pearson.

Revel Social Psychology

Jhangiani, R., Tarry, H., & Stangor, C. (2022). Principles of social psychology (1st international H5P edition). BCcampus. https://opentextbc.ca/socialpsychology

Principles of Social Psychology

Kreps, Sarah & McCain, R. & Brundage, Miles. (2020). All the News That’s Fit to Fabricate: AI-Generated Text as a Tool of Media Misinformation. Journal of Experimental Political Science. 1-14. 10.1017/XPS.2020.37. 

 All the News That’s Fit to Fabricate: AI-Generated Text as a Tool of Media Misinformation

Eagly, A. H., & Chaiken, S. (1993). The psychology of attitudes. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich College Publishers.

The Psychology of Attitudes

Loftus, E. F., & Bernstein, D. M. (2005). Rich False Memories: The Royal Road to Success. In A. F. Healy (Ed.), Experimental cognitive psychology and its applications (pp. 101–113). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10895-008

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