Concept

The Spiritual Penalty of Backbiting and Repentance in Attar's Elahi Nameh

In Farid al-Din Attar's Elahi Nameh, the discourse on backbiting (ghibah) highlights its extreme severity as a spiritual transgression. Drawing on a narrative attributed to the Torah, Attar warns that a backbiter who sincerely repents will still be the very last person admitted into Paradise, while one who dies without repenting will be the first to enter Hell. This concept underscores the gravity of violating the honor of others (haqq al-nas) in Sufi ethics, demonstrating that even divine forgiveness and repentance do not entirely erase the spiritual consequences and delays associated with backbiting.

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Updated 2026-07-03

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course