In Attar's Elahi Nameh, Sultan Mahmud attempts to test the spiritual insight of Sheikh Abul-Hasan Kharaqani by dressing his beloved servant Ayaz in royal garments while wearing servant clothing himself. The Sheikh instantly sees through the ruse, identifying Mahmud as the true king and Ayaz as the servant. This episode illustrates the Sufi concept of Firasah (spiritual discernment or intuitive clairvoyance). According to Sufi tradition, a spiritually perfected master possesses an inner light (basirah) that penetrates outward forms and social masks, allowing them to perceive the spiritual reality of an individual directly, unaffected by physical disguises or worldly status.