The context (e.g., text/title) and the graph are misaligned (e.g., they state an opposite trend).

Contradictory Slant

A technique that relates to the false visualization of information. Essentially, it entails cutting down an axis to change the visual difference presented in a graph.

Truncated Axis

This is also a technique that relates to the false visualization of information. For example, the y-axis can be inverted which may lead to misinterpretation of the graph.

Inverted Axis

- Contradictory Slant
- Truncated Axis
- Inverted Axis

Davidson College

Research has investigated how the relationship between a graphic visualization and their corresponding text may reinforce or reduce the likelihood of transmitting misinformation.

Misinformation: Text and Graphic Visualization Misalignment

Zheng, C., & Ma, X. (2022, April). Evaluating the Effect of Enhanced Text-Visualization Integration on Combating Misinformation in Data Story. In 2022 IEEE 15th Pacific Visualization Symposium (PacificVis) (pp. 141-150). IEEE.

Evaluating the Effect of Enhanced Text-Visualization Integration on Combating Misinformation in Data Story

- Static Illustrated Text
- Explanatory Annotation
- Interactive Linking

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