Type I NAbs bind to the flat surface on one side of the top saddle-like surface of RBD. There is competition between NAbs and hACE2 for RBD, which suggests that the NAb inhibits by blocking binding of hACE2
- NAb CB6
- NAb B38

Type I NAbs

- Type I: only binds to 'up' RBD
- Type II: only binds when at least 2 RBD are 'up'
- Type III: only binds to 'down' RBD
- Type IV: recognizes both 'up' and 'down' RBD
- the image below shows the antibody interactions with RBD to the left and antibodies to the right

State University of New York at Stony Brook

Infection by SARS-CoV-2 triggers the creation of antibodies in a two-part response: 
- early antibodies (IgM)
- late antibodies (IgG)

With assistance from helper T cells, B cells differentiate into plasma B cells to produce these antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 antigens.

Antibodies and COVID-19 

Huang, Y., Sun, H., Yu, H., Li, S., Zheng, Q., & Xia, N. (2020). Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2: current understanding, challenge and perspective. Antibody Therapeutics, 3(4), 285-299.
https://doi.org/10.1093/abt/tbaa028

Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2: current understanding, challenge and perspective 

- Antibody Therapeutics
-  MedRxiv Preprint Papers
- Preprints
- Science

References for Antibodies and COVID-19 by journal

A study showed that SARS neutralizing antibodies can successfully block SARS-CoV-2 entry into target cells in vitro, suggesting that the two viruses possess a cross-protective epitope and have similar immune protection against reinfection

SARS neutralizing antibodies and SARS-CoV-2


-  Support for the use of SARS-CoV-2 Ab for therapies
-  Evidence suggesting SARS-CoV-2 Ab may not be the most viable solution

SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies and their uses in future SARS-CoV-2 Therapies

Types of Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting SARS-CoV-2 RBD of S protein

- NAbs targeting NTD of spike protein
- NAbs targeting S2 subunit of spike protein

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