*Neisseria meningitidis* has many virulence factors that increase pathogenicity and infection of Meningococcal meningitis. *N. meningitidis* transmission typically occurs in the respiratory system. *N. meningitidis* uses lipooligosaccharide endotoxin, pili for attaching to the host, and has capsules to prevent being engulfed by phagocytes. *N. meningitidis* also has proteases for breaking down hots antibodies. It uses factors like Opa to be able to invade the blood-brain barrier. 

University of Wisconsin - Madison

*Neisseria meningitidis* is the gram-negative bacteria that causes meningococcal meningitis. 

*Neisseria meningitidis*

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

OpenStax Microbiology Textbook

Virulence Factors of *Neisseria meningitidis*

Symptoms of Meningococcal meningitis is the formation of petechial rash which are flat and red lesions. It is a response to blood vessel bursts due to disease onsets. These lesions can be larger than 1.0 cm. 

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