- Crenarchaeota
- Euryarchaeota
- Korarchaeota
- Nanoarchaeota
- Thaumarchaeota

Major Phylum of Archaea

Archaeal walls are different from bacteria because they do not contain peptidoglycan. Some contain pseudopeptidoglycan or have a cell wall made of glycoproteins or sugars. Some lack a cell wall entirely. 

Archaeal Cell Walls vs. Bacterial Cell Walls

Archaeal membranes differ from bacterial membranes because the phospholipids in archaeal membranes are linked with ether linkages and not ester linkages. While bacterial cell membranes are often bilayers, many archaeal membranes are monolayers. 

Archaeal Plasma Membranes vs Bacterial Plasma Membranes

Archaea are single-cellular organisms that do not contain nuclei. Archaea different from bacteria because archaeal membranes and cell walls are structurally different.

University of Wisconsin - Madison

A prokaryotic cell is a unicellular organism that lacks a defined nucleus and membrane bound organelles. As a result, many catabolic processes occur within the cytosol. 

Prokaryotic cell

https://openstax.org/details/books/microbiology/

Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

OpenStax Microbiology Textbook

Bacteria are single celled, prokaryotic organisms that are capable of living in extreme conditions and have cell walls composed of peptidoglycan. They are either heterotrophic or autotrophic and can be harmless or cause disease (Mycobacterium tuberculosis).

Bacteria

Photosynthesis is the process of using the sun's light as energy and converting it to chemical energy to fix gaseous carbon dioxide and create sugars such as glucose. The first organisms with the capability to photosynthesize stemmed from prokaryotes 3.8 billion years ago. What is required for photosynthesis include a light source, carbon, electron donor, and pigments to harvest energy.

Photosynthesis

Bacteria is a very diverse domain, characterized by their prokaryotic cells and lack of ether linkages, with membranes made of phospholipid bilayers.

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