Two factors that emerge from differences in cognitive style that support cognitive development:

- cognitive resources
- cognitive divergence

Benefits of Cognitive Style Diversity

Diversity of "cognitive style" refers to the psychological dimensions of each individual in the group for information acquisition and processing are different from one another. 

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Diversity in a group of individuals information, knowledge, representations, mental models and heuristics. It can improve problem solving, predicting and designing.

Cognitive Diversity

The characteristic way an individual engages in cognitive tasks such as perceiving, thinking, remembering, and problem-solving.

Cognitive Style

Aggarwal, I., & Woolley, A. (2013). Two perspectives on intellectual capital and innovation in teams: Collective intelligence and cognitive diversity. In Driving the economy through innovation and entrepreneurship (pp. 453-460). Springer, India.

Two perspectives on intellectual capital and innovation in teams: Collective intelligence and cognitive diversity

Cognitive Style Diversity

Studies show improvements in learning performances for students who take notes collaboratively. In addition, it may reduce the extraneous cognitive burden that is placed on students. A study was conducted within a flipped scientific writing course to examine the effects of collaboration on student’s levels of cognitive load. Students were divided into two groups; one where they were given instructions to collaborate and one where they gave no such instructions. The study measured the levels of collaboration and the completeness of the notes produced. 

The Effects of Collaboration On Cognitive Load.

- verbalizers
- spatial visualizers
- object visualizers

Common Cognitive Styles Present in Groups

Groups with an intermediate level of cognitive style diversity had more collective intelligence than those with a lot or very little diversity. This could be because groups with too much diversity could not effectively communicate and groups with too little did not have an adequate range of skills to perform better. 

Correlation Between Cognitive Style Diversity and Collective Intelligence

- Static vs. Dynamic
- Positivist vs. Negativist
- Evolution vs. Involution

3 Dimensions of Cognitive Style

1. Denial
2. Discounting
3. Differentiation 
4. Dialectical Thinking

4 Forms of Cognitive Style in Processing Contradictions

• Overgeneralizing

• Using selective abstraction

• Taking excessive responsibility

• Assuming temporal causality

• Making excessive self-references

• Catastrophizing

• Engaging in dichotomous thinking 


Types of Cognitive Distortions

References for Types of Cognitive Distortions 

Explanatory style refers to an individual's habitual way of explaining the bad events that happen to them. People with a more pessimistic explanatory style tend to blame themselves and expect long-term negative consequences that affect many aspects of their lives. In contrast, those with a more optimistic explanatory style tend to blame outside forces and expect limited negative consequences.

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