Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is defined as a behavior disorder with characteristics such as hostility and defiant behavior with authority figures, peers, and family.

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Disorder Class: Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct Disorders

A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated, as manifested by the presence of three (or more) of the following criteria in the past 12 months from any of the categories below, with at least one criterion present in the past 6 months:
1. Aggression to people and  animals
2. Destruction of property
3. Deceitfulness or theft
4. Serious violations of rules
 
The disturbance in behavior causes clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning.
 
If the individual is age 18 years or older, criteria are not met for Antisocial Personality Disorder
 
Specify age onset:  Individuals show at least one symptom characteristic of conduct disorder prior to age 10 years

[DSM-5] Conduct Disorder Criteria

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is characterized by inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity and is divided into three subtypes:
- primarily inattentive
- primarily hyperactive-impulsive
- combined

Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Conduct problems and impulsivity in child psychopathy were later studied as combinations of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) or Conduct Disorder (CD). Studies show the combination of symptoms of ADHD, ODD/CD, and exhibiting high callous-unemotional (CU) traits in children are more likely to have psychopathic tendencies.

Santa Clara University

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Child psychopathy is difficult to define concretely; however, research shows there are two factors important in recognizing psychopathic tendencies in children:
- conduct problems (CP) and impulsivity
- callous-unemotional factor (CU)

Factors of Child Psychopathy

Lynam, D. R. (1996). Early identification of chronic offenders: Who is the fledgling psychopath? Psychological Bulletin, 120, 209–234.

Early identification of chronic offenders: Who is the fledgling psychopath?

Barry, C. T., Frick, P. J., Deshazo, T. M., Mccoy, M., Ellis, M., & Loney, B. R. (2000). The importance of callous–unemotional traits for extending the concept of psychopathy to children. Journal of Abnormal Psychology,109(2), 335-340. doi:10.1037/0021-843x.109.2.335

The importance of callous–unemotional traits for extending the concept of psychopathy to children

The callous-unemotional (CU) factor can be described as impulsivity, deviance, and inflated self-importance. CU factor can also be described as a lack of concern for others’ feelings, disregard for responsibilities, insincerity, lacking guilt, lying, and shallow behavior. 

Callous-Unemotional Factor

Conduct Problems and Impulsivity in Psychopathy

Individuals with extreme callous-unemotional traits (Psychopathy) start engaging in destructive and manipulative behaviors in childhood and continue to offend across a lifetime. 

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